Book Review | The Haunted Self by Onno van der Hart, Ellert R. S. Nijenhuis, and Kathy Steele

Introduction

The Haunted Self: Structural Dissociation and the Treatment of Chronic Traumatization by Onno van der Hart, Ellert R. S. Nijenhuis, and Kathy Steele is a deeply influential work in the field of trauma therapy, particularly for those of us who regularly engage with clients experiencing complex and chronic trauma. This book delves into the nuances of Structural Dissociation Theory (SDT), offering both a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for therapists and clients alike. As a psychotherapist specializing in trauma, particularly within trans*, nonbinary, and queer communities, I find the insights in this book to be not only invaluable but also resonant with the experiences of many of my clients, especially those with adverse childhood experiences.

Dissociation, as explored in this book, is a multifaceted phenomenon. In my clinical experience, I have found that dissociation isn’t always a negative or pathological experience. It is a natural function of the human brain, a protective mechanism that can help us detach from overwhelming realities. For example, many people have experienced moments where they’ve driven a familiar route and suddenly realized they don’t remember the last ten minutes of the drive or found themselves daydreaming through a lecture. These are everyday examples of dissociation—a normal and sometimes necessary part of our cognitive experience.

However, dissociation can also be a response to trauma, a way for the mind to protect itself from unbearable pain or danger. In the context of trauma, dissociation can become more than just a momentary lapse; it can evolve into a primary coping mechanism. This is where SDT and the insights from The Haunted Self become crucial. The book provides a framework for understanding how dissociation, while initially protective, can lead to significant challenges when it becomes a persistent way of managing trauma.

Importantly, while this book focuses on trauma-related dissociation, it is essential to acknowledge that not all experiences of multiplicity or dissociation are rooted in trauma. There are clients who experience multiplicity without trauma histories, and their experiences are equally valid. It is critical that these individuals are not pathologized or stigmatized for their multiplicity. My approach, and the approach I advocate for, is anti-oppressive and intersectional, ensuring that each client is uniquely seen, heard, and respected in their experience.

That said, The Haunted Self is an important resource for therapists and clients who are working towards a better understanding of how dissociation can serve as a protective mechanism, sometimes to the detriment of the individual’s ability to engage fully with the present. The book provides a thorough exploration of how to work with clients who experience dissociation as a response to chronic trauma, offering both theoretical insights and practical tools grounded in Structural Dissociation Theory. It is particularly valuable for those of us who are committed to supporting clients in integrating dissociative parts of their selves in a way that honours their experiences and fosters healing.

In reviewing this book, I aim to highlight its relevance to the therapeutic process, especially within the context of working with Two-Spirit, trans, nonbinary, and queer clients. The concepts and techniques outlined in The Haunted Self have significant implications for how we understand and treat trauma-related dissociation, making it a critical addition to any trauma therapist’s library.

Overview of the Book

The Haunted Self: Structural Dissociation and the Treatment of Chronic Traumatization is meticulously structured into three comprehensive parts, each delving into the intricate facets of structural dissociation and its therapeutic management. The authors, Onno van der Hart, Ellert R. S. Nijenhuis, and Kathy Steele, leverage their extensive clinical experience and research expertise to provide a rich, multi-layered exploration of how chronic traumatization can fragment the self and how this fragmentation can be understood and treated within a therapeutic context.

Part I: The Foundations of Structural Dissociation Theory

The first part of the book is dedicated to establishing the theoretical groundwork for understanding structural dissociation. The authors introduce the central concept of Structural Dissociation Theory (SDT), which posits that individuals who have experienced chronic, early-life trauma may develop distinct, semi-independent parts of the self. These parts are divided into the Apparently Normal Part (ANP) and one or more Emotional Parts (EPs) (van der Hart, Nijenhuis, & Steele, 2006).

•Apparently Normal Part (ANP): The ANP is responsible for the individual’s everyday functioning, often suppressing traumatic memories and emotions to maintain a semblance of normalcy. The ANP operates in a state of detachment from the trauma, allowing the person to engage in daily activities and responsibilities without being overwhelmed by traumatic memories (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Emotional Parts (EPs): In contrast, the EPs are directly tied to the traumatic experiences, holding the intense emotions, sensory memories, and physical reactions associated with the trauma. These parts are often activated by reminders of the trauma, leading to emotional flashbacks, physical symptoms, or dissociative episodes. The EPs may have limited access to the present and often function as if the trauma is still ongoing (van der Hart et al., 2006).

The authors carefully explain how these parts develop as a survival mechanism in response to overwhelming and chronic trauma. They emphasize that this division of the self is not a sign of pathology but a creative adaptation that allows the individual to cope with otherwise unbearable circumstances. This section is rich with theoretical explanations, supported by references to both historical and contemporary research in the fields of psychology and neuroscience (van der Hart et al., 2006).

Part II: The Therapeutic Process for Structural Dissociation

The second part of the book shifts focus from theory to therapeutic practice, offering detailed guidance on how to work with clients who experience dissociative parts. The authors advocate for a phased approach to treatment, which is considered the gold standard for working with complex trauma and dissociation. This approach is broken down into three phases (van der Hart et al., 2006):

•Phase 1: Stabilization: In this initial phase, the therapist works to establish safety and stability in the client’s life. This includes building a strong therapeutic alliance, educating the client about dissociation and trauma, and developing coping strategies to manage symptoms. The authors stress the importance of not rushing this phase, as stabilization is crucial for preparing the client to handle the intense emotions and memories that will be addressed later (van der Hart et al., 2006). Techniques such as grounding exercises, affect regulation strategies, and psychoeducation are highlighted as key interventions during this phase.

•Phase 2: Processing Traumatic Memories: Once the client has achieved a sufficient level of stability, the therapist can begin to gently explore and process traumatic memories. The authors provide detailed instructions on how to approach this delicate work, emphasizing the need for careful pacing and the importance of titrating exposure to trauma-related material. The goal in this phase is to help the client integrate the fragmented parts of their self by reprocessing traumatic memories in a way that is tolerable and transformative (van der Hart et al., 2006). This phase requires the therapist to be highly attuned to the client’s needs, adjusting the intensity of the work as necessary to prevent re-traumatization.

•Phase 3: Integration and Rehabilitation: The final phase of treatment focuses on integrating the different parts of the self and helping the client build a cohesive, unified sense of identity. This phase involves working on the development of new, adaptive patterns of thinking, feeling, and behaving (van der Hart et al., 2006). The authors discuss how to help clients navigate the challenges of re-engaging with life after processing trauma, including rebuilding relationships, finding meaning and purpose, and developing a more integrated sense of self. The importance of continued support and follow-up is emphasized, as the process of integration can be ongoing and may require revisiting earlier phases of treatment.

Throughout this section, the authors provide numerous examples of therapeutic interventions, case studies, and practical exercises that can be used to support clients through each phase of treatment. These tools are grounded in SDT and are designed to help therapists work with the complexities of dissociative parts in a structured and compassionate manner (van der Hart et al., 2006).

Part III: Case Studies and Practical Applications

The final part of the book is perhaps the most practical, offering a range of case studies that illustrate how the theoretical concepts and therapeutic techniques discussed in the earlier sections can be applied in real-world clinical practice. These case studies are drawn from the authors’ extensive experience and cover a wide range of client presentations, from those with relatively straightforward dissociative symptoms to those with highly complex, multi-faceted dissociative disorders (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Case Studies: Each case study is presented with a detailed description of the client’s history, the therapeutic process, and the outcomes achieved. The authors highlight the challenges and successes encountered along the way, providing valuable insights into how SDT can be used to guide treatment decisions and how to navigate the often unpredictable course of therapy with dissociative clients (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Practical Interventions: In addition to the case studies, this section includes practical interventions that therapists can use to address specific issues related to dissociation. These interventions are tailored to different phases of treatment and are designed to be flexible enough to adapt to the unique needs of each client. Techniques such as working with phobias of mental actions, engaging dissociative parts in dialogue, and using symbolic work to facilitate integration are discussed in detail (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Therapeutic Challenges and Ethical Considerations: The authors also address common therapeutic challenges and ethical considerations when working with clients who have experienced chronic traumatization and dissociation. This includes managing countertransference, dealing with issues of dependency and autonomy, and ensuring that therapy is conducted in a safe and ethical manner. The authors emphasize the importance of ongoing supervision and self-reflection for therapists working in this challenging field (van der Hart et al., 2006).

In conclusion, The Haunted Self offers a thorough and deeply insightful exploration of structural dissociation and its treatment. The book’s clear structure, comprehensive coverage of both theory and practice, and its grounding in real-world clinical experience make it an invaluable resource for therapists working with trauma and dissociation. Whether you are a seasoned clinician or new to the field, this book provides the knowledge and tools necessary to support your clients on their journey towards healing and integration.

Key Concepts Covered in the Book

The Haunted Self presents several key concepts that are vital for understanding and treating chronic traumatization, particularly through the lens of Structural Dissociation Theory (SDT). These concepts not only lay the groundwork for therapeutic interventions but also offer profound insights into the nature of trauma and its impact on the human psyche.

Structural Dissociation Theory (SDT)

At the heart of The Haunted Self is Structural Dissociation Theory (SDT), which offers a nuanced understanding of how chronic, early-life trauma can lead to the fragmentation of the self. According to SDT, individuals who experience overwhelming trauma, particularly in childhood, may develop distinct parts of the self. These parts are not simply metaphorical but are functional entities within the person, each with its own set of feelings, thoughts, memories, and behaviors. The theory identifies two primary types of parts: the Apparently Normal Part (ANP) and the Emotional Parts (EPs) (van der Hart, Nijenhuis, & Steele, 2006).

•Apparently Normal Part (ANP): The ANP is responsible for the individual’s day-to-day functioning, often focusing on tasks, responsibilities, and maintaining an appearance of normalcy. This part is characterized by a detachment from traumatic memories and emotions, as it suppresses them to allow the individual to navigate life without being overwhelmed. However, this suppression comes at a cost, often leading to a sense of disconnection and emptiness (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Emotional Parts (EPs): In contrast, the EPs are directly linked to the traumatic experiences, holding the intense emotions, sensory memories, and physical reactions associated with the trauma. These parts often remain “stuck” in the past, as if the trauma is still occurring, which can result in flashbacks, somatic symptoms, and dissociative episodes. The EPs may have limited access to the present, as their existence is rooted in the survival response to past threats (van der Hart et al., 2006).

SDT provides a framework that helps therapists and clients alike understand that these parts are not signs of pathology but adaptive responses to unbearable circumstances. The division between ANP and EPs is a creative solution that allows the individual to survive trauma by compartmentalizing it. This understanding is crucial for therapists, as it shifts the focus from pathologizing dissociation to recognizing it as a protective mechanism that needs careful, respectful integration (van der Hart et al., 2006).

Phobia of Mental Actions

Another significant concept explored in The Haunted Self is the phobia of mental actions. This concept is central to SDT and refers to the avoidance of certain thoughts, feelings, sensations, and memories that are associated with traumatic experiences. For many individuals who have experienced chronic trauma, these mental actions are perceived as dangerous because they threaten to overwhelm the self with the intensity of the unprocessed trauma (van der Hart et al., 2006).

Overcoming this phobia is a key focus in the therapeutic process. The authors provide extensive guidance on how therapists can help clients confront and gradually integrate these mental actions. This process often involves helping clients develop the capacity to tolerate and regulate their emotions and thoughts without becoming overwhelmed. Techniques such as grounding, mindfulness, and gradual exposure are essential in this phase of therapy. The goal is not to force the client to face all of these actions at once but to build their ability to process them in a way that feels safe and manageable (van der Hart et al., 2006).

The phobia of mental actions can manifest in various ways, including the avoidance of specific emotions like anger or sadness, or the suppression of certain memories or sensations. The therapist’s role is to help the client understand these actions as internal experiences that do not necessarily dictate behavior, allowing for a more adaptive and integrated way of being. This approach is particularly important for clients who may have developed rigid beliefs or cognitive distortions related to their trauma, such as “If I feel angry, I will become violent” or “If I remember this, I will fall apart” (van der Hart et al., 2006).

Phased Approach to Treatment

The Haunted Self advocates for a phased approach to the treatment of structural dissociation, which is widely recognized as the most effective method for working with complex trauma. This approach is structured into three phases: stabilization, trauma processing, and integration (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Phase 1: Stabilization: The first phase of treatment focuses on establishing safety and stability in the client’s life. This involves building a strong therapeutic alliance, developing coping skills, and educating the client about the nature of their dissociation and trauma. Stabilization is critical because it lays the foundation for the more intense work that follows. During this phase, therapists work with clients to reduce symptoms, enhance self-regulation, and create a sense of safety both within the therapeutic relationship and in the client’s broader life (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Phase 2: Trauma Processing: Once stabilization has been achieved, the therapist and client can begin to process traumatic memories. This phase involves helping the client confront and integrate the traumatic experiences held by the EPs. The authors emphasize the importance of pacing in this phase, as moving too quickly can lead to re-traumatization. Techniques such as titrated exposure, memory reprocessing, and sensorimotor work are highlighted as effective methods for helping clients process their trauma in a way that is manageable and healing (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Phase 3: Integration and Rehabilitation: The final phase of treatment focuses on integrating the different parts of the self and helping the client develop a cohesive, unified identity. This phase involves working on the client’s ability to engage fully with life, rebuild relationships, and develop new, adaptive patterns of thinking and behaving. The authors stress the importance of ongoing support during this phase, as integration is often a gradual process that requires continued attention and care (van der Hart et al., 2006).

This phased approach is not only practical but also compassionate, as it respects the client’s pace and needs while providing a clear roadmap for healing. For therapists, it offers a structured yet flexible framework that can be adapted to the unique needs of each client.

Practical Applications for Therapists and Clients

The Haunted Self is not just a theoretical text; it is also a practical guide that offers concrete strategies and interventions for therapists and clients working with the effects of chronic trauma and dissociation.

For Therapists

Therapists working with clients who have experienced structural dissociation will find The Haunted Self to be an invaluable resource. The book provides a wealth of practical tools and techniques that can be directly applied in clinical practice.

•Treatment Planning: The phased approach to treatment outlined in the book provides a clear structure for developing treatment plans that are both comprehensive and flexible. This is particularly useful for therapists working with clients who have complex trauma histories, as it allows for a tailored approach that meets the client where they are in their healing journey (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Client Engagement: Engaging clients who have experienced dissociation can be challenging, especially when they have learned to distrust others or disconnect from their emotions. The book offers strategies for building trust and creating a safe therapeutic environment where clients feel supported and understood. Techniques such as psychoeducation, validating the client’s experiences, and gradually introducing more challenging work are all emphasized as key to successful engagement (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Managing Complex Cases: For therapists working with clients who present with severe dissociative symptoms, the book’s detailed case studies provide valuable insights into how to navigate the complexities of treatment. These case studies illustrate how to manage common challenges, such as dealing with highly fragmented parts, managing countertransference, and maintaining the therapeutic alliance over the long term (van der Hart et al., 2006).

For Clients

Clients who are open to understanding their dissociative experiences through the lens of SDT will also find The Haunted Self to be a helpful guide. While the book is primarily written for therapists, the concepts it introduces can empower clients to better understand their experiences and actively participate in their healing process.

•Understanding Dissociation: Many clients struggle with the stigma and confusion surrounding dissociation. The Haunted Self provides a framework that normalizes these experiences as adaptive responses to overwhelming trauma. This can be incredibly validating for clients, helping them to move away from self-blame and toward a more compassionate understanding of their inner world (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Working with a Therapist: Clients who understand the phased approach to treatment are often more engaged in their therapy. By understanding the goals of each phase, clients can better collaborate with their therapist, set realistic expectations, and recognize their progress. This understanding also helps clients to be patient with the process, knowing that healing from complex trauma is a journey that takes time (van der Hart et al., 2006).

•Applying Grounding Techniques: The book emphasizes the importance of grounding and stabilization techniques, which clients can use in their daily lives to manage symptoms and reduce distress. By practicing these techniques, clients can develop a greater sense of control over their dissociative symptoms, which is an essential step in the healing process (van der Hart et al., 2006).

How This Book Stands Out

The Haunted Self is distinguished by its ability to integrate complex theoretical concepts with practical, real-world applications. This combination makes the book an invaluable resource for both experienced clinicians and those new to the field of trauma therapy.

Integration of Theory and Practice

One of the most significant strengths of The Haunted Self is its seamless integration of theory and practice. The authors, van der Hart, Nijenhuis, and Steele, are not only leading experts in the field of trauma and dissociation but also experienced clinicians who bring a wealth of practical knowledge to their writing. The book is rich with detailed case studies and examples that ground the theoretical concepts of Structural Dissociation Theory (SDT) in real-world clinical practice (van der Hart, Nijenhuis, & Steele, 2006).

This integration is particularly beneficial for therapists who are looking to deepen their understanding of dissociation while also gaining concrete tools and strategies for working with clients. The book doesn’t just present abstract ideas; it offers step-by-step guidance on how to apply these ideas in therapy sessions, making it both intellectually rigorous and practically useful. This balance between theory and application is what makes The Haunted Self stand out in the crowded field of trauma literature.

Relevance to Marginalized Communities

While The Haunted Self does not explicitly focus on intersectionality or the unique experiences of Two Spirit, trans, nonbinary, and queer individuals, the framework it offers is highly adaptable and relevant to these communities. Many clients from marginalized backgrounds experience multiple layers of trauma, often related to their identities. The concepts and therapeutic approaches outlined in the book can be applied in an anti-oppressive, intersectional way that respects and honors these experiences.

For example, therapists working with trans and nonbinary clients who have experienced gender-based violence or discrimination can use the book’s insights to better understand how these traumas might manifest as dissociative parts. The phased approach to treatment is particularly useful in these contexts, as it allows therapists to address the specific needs of marginalized clients, such as establishing safety in the face of ongoing societal oppression or processing memories of identity-related trauma (van der Hart et al., 2006).

Moreover, the book’s emphasis on the therapeutic relationship as a safe and supportive space is crucial for working with clients who may have experienced betrayal or rejection from their families or communities. By adapting the principles of The Haunted Self to fit the needs of marginalized clients, therapists can provide more effective and affirming care that acknowledges the full scope of their clients’ lived experiences.

Comprehensive and Accessible Approach

The Haunted Self is also notable for its comprehensive yet accessible approach to a complex subject. The book covers a wide range of topics related to structural dissociation, from its theoretical foundations to detailed discussions of therapeutic techniques. Despite the depth and breadth of the material, the authors have crafted the content in a way that is clear and approachable, even for readers who may not have extensive prior knowledge of trauma therapy.

This accessibility is a key factor in the book’s appeal to a broad audience, including therapists, clients, and even those interested in understanding more about dissociation and trauma. The authors take care to explain complex concepts in a straightforward manner, often using metaphors and analogies that make the material more relatable. This makes The Haunted Self an excellent resource for therapists who are looking to deepen their understanding of structural dissociation without being overwhelmed by overly technical language or dense theoretical explanations.

Unique Contributions to the Field

Finally, The Haunted Self makes several unique contributions to the field of trauma therapy that set it apart from other books on the subject. One such contribution is its detailed exploration of the phobia of mental actions, a concept that is not widely discussed in other trauma literature. By focusing on this aspect of SDT, the authors provide new insights into how therapists can help clients overcome their fear of confronting traumatic memories and emotions (van der Hart et al., 2006).

Additionally, the book’s phased approach to treatment offers a structured yet flexible framework that can be adapted to a wide variety of clinical situations. This approach is particularly valuable for therapists who work with clients who have experienced complex or developmental trauma, as it provides a clear roadmap for navigating the often challenging process of trauma recovery.

In summary, The Haunted Self stands out as a must-read for anyone involved in trauma therapy. Its integration of theory and practice, relevance to marginalized communities, accessible approach, and unique contributions to the field make it an invaluable resource for understanding and treating structural dissociation. Whether you are a seasoned clinician or just beginning your journey in trauma therapy, this book provides the knowledge and tools needed to support your clients on their path to healing.

Critique and Considerations

While The Haunted Self is a groundbreaking resource in the field of trauma therapy, it is essential to approach it with a critical eye, particularly when considering its application in diverse therapeutic settings. The book’s strengths lie in its thorough exploration of Structural Dissociation Theory (SDT) and its practical guidance for treating chronic traumatization. However, like any resource, it has limitations that therapists should be mindful of. These include its lack of an explicit intersectional focus, the complexity of its concepts, and the need for ethical considerations when applying its techniques in clinical practice.

Areas of Strength

The Haunted Self excels in its detailed articulation of SDT and its phased approach to treatment, making it an indispensable tool for clinicians working with complex trauma and dissociation. The authors’ ability to translate complex theoretical concepts into practical therapeutic interventions is one of the book’s most significant strengths. The inclusion of case studies and real-world examples enhances its applicability, providing therapists with a roadmap for navigating the often challenging landscape of trauma treatment.

Furthermore, the book’s emphasis on understanding dissociation as an adaptive response rather than a pathological condition is particularly valuable. This perspective aligns with an anti-oppressive, strengths-based approach to therapy, encouraging clinicians to honor the survival strategies that their clients have developed, even as they work toward healing and integration.

Potential Limitations

Despite its many strengths, The Haunted Self is not without its limitations, particularly when viewed through an intersectional lens. One notable gap is the book’s lack of explicit discussion on how factors like race, gender, and sexuality intersect with trauma and dissociation. While the framework provided by SDT is adaptable, therapists working with clients from marginalized communities may need to take extra steps to ensure that the material is relevant and inclusive.

For example, Two Spirit, trans, nonbinary, and queer clients often face unique forms of trauma related to their identities, which can manifest in ways that are not fully addressed in the book. These clients may experience layers of trauma that are compounded by societal discrimination, making it essential for therapists to consider these intersections when applying the book’s concepts. To bridge this gap, therapists might integrate additional resources or modify the therapeutic approaches outlined in the book to better serve these clients.

Another potential limitation is the complexity of some of the concepts presented in The Haunted Self. While the authors do an admirable job of making SDT accessible, the material can still be challenging, particularly for newer therapists or clients who are not yet familiar with trauma work. Concepts like the phobia of mental actions and the distinctions between ANP and EPs require careful explanation and contextualization. Therapists may need to spend additional time educating their clients about these ideas or use supplementary materials to ensure that the concepts are fully understood.

Finally, while the book provides a robust framework for the therapeutic process, it is heavily focused on the role of the therapist and the therapeutic relationship. This emphasis is crucial, but it may leave less room for discussing self-help strategies or tools that clients can use outside of therapy sessions. For clients who are between sessions or who do not have access to consistent therapy, this can be a significant limitation. Therapists can address this by integrating the book’s concepts into client homework, providing psychoeducational materials, or teaching clients grounding techniques that they can use independently.

Ethical Considerations

When applying the interventions suggested in The Haunted Self, therapists must be mindful of several ethical considerations. One of the most important is the pacing of the therapeutic process. The book’s phased approach to treatment is designed to prevent re-traumatization by carefully stabilizing the client before processing traumatic memories. However, there is always a risk of moving too quickly or applying pressure to clients who may not yet be ready to confront their trauma.

Therapists should also be aware of the potential for countertransference when working with dissociative clients. The intense emotions and complex dynamics that often accompany dissociation can evoke strong reactions in the therapist, which must be managed to maintain an effective therapeutic relationship. Supervision and self-reflection are essential components of ethical practice in this context, as they help therapists remain grounded and attuned to their clients’ needs.

Finally, therapists should be cautious about pathologizing dissociation. As discussed earlier, dissociation can be an adaptive response to trauma, and it is crucial to honor the protective function it has served for the client. Therapists should approach their work with a spirit of respect and curiosity, rather than attempting to “fix” dissociation, which can inadvertently reinforce the client’s feelings of shame or inadequacy.

Practical Tips for Therapists

Given the complexity and depth of the material in The Haunted Self, it is important for therapists to use the book as part of a broader toolkit. Here are a few practical tips for incorporating the book’s concepts into your practice:

•Introduce Concepts Gradually: When working with clients, introduce the concepts of SDT and the phases of treatment gradually. Use metaphors, analogies, or simple explanations to make these ideas more accessible. For example, describing the ANP as the “everyday self” and the EPs as “trauma-holding parts” can help clients understand the distinctions without feeling overwhelmed.

•Use Case Studies for Supervision: The case studies in the book are valuable resources for supervision or consultation. Discuss these cases with colleagues to explore different perspectives on how to manage complex dissociative symptoms and to gain insights into the application of SDT in varied clinical contexts.

•Supplement with Other Resources: Because The Haunted Self focuses primarily on the therapist’s role, consider supplementing it with resources that offer more self-help strategies or client-facing materials. Books on mindfulness, grounding techniques, or trauma-informed self-care can be excellent companions to the concepts introduced in The Haunted Self.

•Stay Attuned to Intersectionality: Always keep in mind the unique needs of your clients, particularly those from marginalized communities. Adapt the material as necessary to ensure that your therapeutic approach is inclusive and affirming of all aspects of your clients’ identities.

Conclusion

The Haunted Self is an essential resource for any therapist working with trauma-related dissociation. Its comprehensive exploration of Structural Dissociation Theory (SDT), coupled with practical therapeutic guidance, makes it a valuable tool for understanding and treating complex trauma. The book’s strengths lie in its ability to integrate complex theoretical concepts with real-world clinical applications, making it accessible yet deeply informative for both seasoned clinicians and those new to the field of trauma therapy. However, like any resource, it should be used thoughtfully, with careful consideration of its limitations and the unique needs of each client. By integrating the book’s concepts into a broader, more inclusive therapeutic framework, therapists can provide the compassionate, effective care that their clients deserve.

For those interested in exploring the ideas presented in The Haunted Self, I highly encourage you to borrow the book from your local library or support queer-inclusive bookstores across Canada. In Vancouver, you can find it at Cross and Crows Books or Little Sisters. If you’re in Toronto, Glad Day Bookshop is a great place to check. In Halifax, consider visiting Venus Envy, Halifax Bookmark, or Agricola Street Books. By purchasing from these independent shops, you support community-focused businesses and help foster a more diverse and inclusive literary landscape.

If the concepts in this book resonate with you, and you’re interested in exploring them further within a therapeutic context, consider scheduling a free 15-minute consultation with our trans and queer therapist Audrey Wolfe, RCC. You can find more information and book a session through Audrey’s page. Additionally, if you would like to work with me, Clayre Sessoms, RP, RCT, RCC, RCAT, CCC, ATR-BC, you can join the waitlist. I encourage you to stay engaged with our blog for more book reviews and therapeutic resources that align with inclusive, trauma-informed care.

Reference

van der Hart, O., Nijenhuis, E. R. S., & Steele, K. (2006). The haunted self: Structural dissociation and the treatment of chronic traumatization. W.W. Norton & Company.